Table 2 Correlations between cord blood adipokines and maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes in paired mother-infant dyads from control, GDM and T2D pregnancies. Values represent Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r value) from regressions performed on maternal and cord blood adipokine and serum measures against fetal anthropometric values. Bold font indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05) determined from Spearman correlation analysis. Italic indicates approximate p-value, computed for non-parametric correlation with > 18 pairs. CB, cord-blood; BW, birthweight; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; T2D, type 2 diabetes mellitus; APN, adiponectin; LEP, leptin; GA, gestational age; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c
| Â | Control | GDM | T2D | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | CB APN | CB Leptin | BW z-score | CB Insulin | CB APN | CB Leptin | BW z-score | CB Insulin | CB APN | CB Leptin | BW z-score | CB Insulin |
CB APN | Â | Â | 0.187 | Â | Â | Â | -0.005 | Â | Â | Â | -0.135 | Â |
CB Leptin | 0.600(p = 0.001) |  | 0.402 (p = 0.044) |  | 0.278 |  | 0.319(p = 0.031) |  | 0.342(p = 0.012) |  | 0.176 |  |
CB Insulin | 0.331 | 0.443 (p = 0.044) | 0.696(p < 0.0001) |  | -0.267 | 0.173 | 0.334(p = 0.038) |  | 0.096 | 0.246 | 0.743 (p < 0.0001) |  |
Maternal APN | 0.027 | 0.090 | -0.371 | -0.271 | 0.392(p = 0.008) | 0.027 | -0.365(p = 0.015) | -0.207 | 0.505 (p < 0.0001) | -0.137 | -0.286(p = 0.047) | 0.128 |
Maternal Leptin | 0.476 (p = 0.012) | 0.358 | 0.217 | -0.001 | 0.361(p = 0.016) | 0.416(p = 0.005) | 0.080 | 0.048 | 0.170 | 0.586(p < 0.0001) | -0.148 | -0.274 |
Maternal Blood Glucose | 0.246 | 0.368 | 0.328 | -0.027 | 0.226 | 0.089 | 0.025 | 0.136 | 0.024 | 0.222 | -0.033 | -0.160 |
Maternal HbA1c | -0.180 | -0.106 | 0.247 | 0.155 | -0.202 | 0.030 | -0.046 | 0.404 (p = 0.010) | 0.129 | 0.332(p = 0.018) | 0.386(p = 0.008) | 0.444(p = 0.004) |