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Table 4 Comparison between women admitted in 2nd stage and women admitted earlier in labour

From: Incidence, management and outcomes of prolonged second stage of labour in a rural setting in Malawi: a retrospective cohort study

 

Admission 2nd stage N = 566

Admission latent/first stage N = 2831

Pearson Chi-square test

Age

 < 20

111 (21.0)

742 (26.8)

P = 0.000

 20–24

134 (25.4)

846 (30.6)

 

 25–29

117 (22.2)

514 (18.6)

 

 30–34

93 (17.6)

380 (13.7)

 

 ≥ 35

73 (13.8)

285 (10.3)

 

Total

528

2767

 

Missing

38

64

 

Parity

 Nullipara

147 (26.6)

1062 (37.6)

P = 0.000

 Multipara

405 (73.4)

1762 (62.4)

 

Total

552

2824

 

Missing

14

7

 

Previous CS

 Yes

16 (2.9)

249 (8.8)

P = 0.000

 No

528 (97.1)

2574 (91.2)

 

Total

544

2823

 

Missing

22

7

 

Type of gestation

 Singleton

544 (96.1)

2769 (97.8)

P = 0.018

 Twins

22 (3.9)

62 (2.2)

 

Total

566

2831

 

Missing

0

0

 

Gestational age

 < 32

11 (4.1)

40 (2.4)

P = 0.161

 32–34

10 (3.7)

83 (5.0)

 

 35–36

50 (18.5)

380 (23.1)

 

 37–39

183 (67.5)

1029 (62.4)

 

 > 39

17 (6.3)

116 (7.0)

 

Total

271

1648

 

Missing

295

1183

 

ANC visits

 < 4

245 (56.6)

1176 (46.2)

P = 0.000

 ≥ 4

188 (43.4)

1370 (53.8)

 

Total

433

2546

 

Missing

133

285

 

Oxytocin augmentation

 Yes

1 (0.2)

97 (3.4)

P = 0.000

 No

564 (99.8)

2695 (96.5)

 

Total

565

2792

 

Missing

1

39

 

Mode of birth

 SVB

538 (95.1)

2173 (76.8)

P = 0.000

 VE

7 (1.2)

62 (2.2)

 

 CS

21 (3.7)

596 (21.1)

 

Total

538

2562

 

Missing

0

0

 

Maternal complication

 Any

26 (4.6)

193 (6.8)

P = 0.049

 None

539 (95.4)

2630 (93.2)

 

Total

565

2823

 

Missing

1

8

 

Neonate

 Live birth

551 (97.3)

2762 (97.7)

P = 0.750

 FSB

6 (1.1)

22 (0.8)

 

 MSB

5 (0.9)

17 (0.6)

 

 Neonatal death

4 (0.7)

25 (0.9)

 

Total

566

2826

 

Missing

0

5

 

Birthweight

 < 1500

6 (1.1)

25 (0.9)

P = 0.000

 1500–1999

19 (3.4)

47 (1.7)

 

 2000–2499

74 (13.3)

273 (9.9)

 

 2500–2999

215 (38.6)

967 (35.0)

 

 3000–3499

199 (35.7)

1114 (40.3)

 

 ≥ 3500

44 (7.9)

339 (12.3)

 

Total

557

2765

 

Missing

9

66

 

AS1

 ≥ 7

526 (94.1)

2577 (91.8)

P = 0.065

 < 7

33 (5.9)

230 (8.2)

 

Total

559

2807

 

Missing

7

24

 

AS5

 ≥ 7

546 (97.5)

2742 (97.7)

P = 0.753

 < 7

14 (2.5)

64 (2.3)

 

Total

560

2806

 

Missing

6

25

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