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Fig. 3 | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Fig. 3

From: The role of breastfeeding self-efficacy in the relationship between perinatal depressive symptoms and exclusive breastfeeding: a longitudinal mediation analysis

Fig. 3

Simplified illustration of RI-CLPM depicting the longitudinal associations among perinatal depressive symptoms, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and exclusive breastfeeding. PNDs = Perinatal depressive symptoms; BSE = Breastfeeding self-efficacy; EBF = Exclusive breastfeeding. cPNDs, cBSE, cEBF = within-person level variables; RI-PNDs, RI-BSE, RI-EBF = between-person level factors (random intercepts). Gray dashed lines and gray numbers represent the non-significant paths. For clarity, the effects of controlled variables (breastfeeding intention, knowledge, and attitudes) were estimated but not shown in the figure. Standardized path coefficients and (SE) were reported. T0: 36 weeks of gestation; T1: 1 week postpartum; T2: 6 weeks postpartum; T3: 3 months postpartum; T4: 6 months postpartum. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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