Table 4 Association of VDR gene variants laboratory detection protocols with risk of HDP among the included studies
Author (year) | Country | Population | VDR variants analysed | Association | VDR variant(s) Associated | Method of genotyping | Major Finding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rezende et al (2012) [28] | Brazil | Latin | FokI, ApaI, and BsmI | No | - | PCR–RFLP | FokI and ApaI VDR genetic variations do not predispose to GH and PE |
Zhan et al (2015) [29] | China | Asian | FokI, BsmI, and Cdx-2 | Yes | FokI | TaqMan qPCR | VDR FokI G polymorphism is associated with the risk of PE |
Rezavand et al (2018) [46] | Iran | Asian | FokI, TaqI, and BsmI | Yes | FokI | PCR–RFLP | VDR FokI gene polymorphism is associated with vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of GH |
Farajian-Mashhadi et al. (2019) [31] | Iran | Asian | FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI | Yes | FokI | PCR–RFLP | VDR FokI variant is associated with decreased risk of PE |
Ghorbani et al (2020) [47] | Iran | Asian | ApaI | Yes | ApaI | PCR–RFLP | ApaI T haplotype increases the risk of PE |
Caccamo et al (2020) [48] | Italy | Caucasian | FokI and BsmI | Yes | FokI and BsmI | TaqMan PCR | VDR FF/Bb combined haplotype is associated with GH |
Magielda-stola et al (2021) [50] | Poland | Caucasian | BsmI, ApaI, TaqI and FokI | Yes | BsmI | PCR–RFLP | BsmI A variants have a significant role in PE |
Setiarsih et al (2022) [36] | Indonesia | Asian | FokI and TaqI | Yes | FokI | PCR–RFLP | FokI TT and T alleles are associated with GH |
Aziz et al (2023) [49] | Pakistan | Asian | ApaI | No | - | AS-PCR | ApaI VDR variant is not associated with the risk of PE |