Table 4 Differences in breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding mothers with JIA six weeks postpartum
From: Breastfeeding in women with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from a Norwegian quality register
N | Breastfeeding N = 248 | N | Non-breastfeeding N = 42 | p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient background | |||||
Age (years), mean (SD) | 248 | 29.9 (4.2) | 42 | 28.7 (5.7) | 0.119 |
Age > 35 years, n (%) | 22 (8.9) | 6 (14.3) | 0.264 | ||
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 240 | 24.9 (4.5) | 40 | 25.2 (3.3) | 0.662 |
Overweight, n (%) | 104 (43.3) | 16 (40.0) | 1.000 | ||
Working full time or part time, n (%) | 247 | 33 (13.4) | 39 | 1 (2.6) | 0.061 |
Regular physical activity, n (%)b | 169 | 73 (43.2) | 28 | 12 (42.9) | 1.000 |
Cigarette/Snuff use, n (%) | 241 | 11 (4.6) | 37 | 5 (13.5) | 0.046 |
Education level, n (%)c | 243 | 41 | < 0.001 | ||
Low | 5 (2.1) | 4 (9.8) | |||
Intermediate | 47 (19.3) | 17 (41.5) | |||
High | 191 (78.6) | 20 (48.8) | |||
Pregnancy and labour | |||||
Pregnancy duration (weeks), mean (SD) | 248 | 39.5 (1.6) | 41 | 37.9 (3.2) | 0.004 |
Premature birth, n (%)d | 12 (4.8) | 9 (22.0) | < 0.001 | ||
Birth weight (grams), mean (SD) | 247 | 3511.6 (501.3) | 42 | 3175 (793.3) | 0.011 |
CS, n (%) | 246 | 51 (20.7) | 42 | 19 (45.2) | 0.007 |
Emergency CS, n (%) | 38 (15.4) | 13 (31.0) | |||
Complications, n (%)e | 236 | 7 (3.0) | 41 | 4 (9.8) | 0.063 |
Disease related characteristics | |||||
Disease duration (years), mean (SD) | 217 | 22.1 (16.4) | 38 | 17.7 (9.2) | 0.087 |
CRP(mg/L), mean (SD) | 193 | 6.1 (11.6) | 36 | 4.2 (8.1) | 0.067 |
CRP > 5 mg/L, n (%) | 60 (31.1) | 5 (13.9) | 0.057 | ||
DAS-28-CRP-3, mean (SD) | 171 | 2.6 (2.3) | 32 | 2.5 (1.1) | 0.64 |
Remission (DAS-28-CRP-3 < 2.6), n (%) | 110 (64.3) | 22 (68.8) | 0.78 | ||
Active disease (DAS-28-CRP-3 ≥ 2.6), n (%) | 61 (35.7) | 10 (31.3) | |||
VAS score (mm), mean (SD) | |||||
Pain | 190 | 24.3 (23.8) | 34 | 37.9 (24.9) | 0.002 |
Fatigue | 25.4 (24.4) | 39.5 (31.9) | 0.030 | ||
Total | 187 191 | 28.9 (27.3) | 33 34 | 38.4 (26.0) | 0.023 |
Medications | |||||
csDMARDs, n (%) | 247 | 52 (21.1) | 42 | 12 (28.6)f | 0.021 |
Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 14 (5.7) | 3 (7.1) | |||
Methotrexate, n (%) | 2 (0.81) | 4 (9.5) | |||
Sulfasalazine, n (%) | 36 (14.6) | 6 (14.3) | |||
bDMARDs, n (%) | 248 | 42 | 0.686 | ||
TNF inhibitor, n (%) | 61 (24.6) | 11 (26.2) | |||
IL-6 inhibitor, n (%) | 4 (1.6) | 1 (2.4) | |||
Corticosteroids, n (%) | 247 | 26 (10.5) | 42 | 4 (9.5) | 1.000 |