Table 2 Comparisons of the obstetric outcomes between the study and control group
From: Pregnancy outcomes among women near the end of reproductive age
Study Group ( age ≥ 45 years); N: 103 | Control Group (age 20–34 years) N: 50,878 | P | RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gestational age at birth | 35.8 ± 4.6 | 37.9 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 | |
Birth weight | 2498 ± 937 | 2924 ± 638 | < 0.001 | |
Prolonged premature rupture of membranes | 6 (5.8%) | 1,520 (3.0%) | 0.091 | 1.95 (0.90–4.25) |
Breech presentation | 5 (4.9%) | 2,288 (4.5%) | 0.861 | 1.08 (0.46–2.54) |
Polyhydramnios | 0 (0.0%) | 276 (0.5%) | 0.454 | - |
Oligohydramnios | 0 (0.0%) | 485 (1.0%) | 0.319 | - |
Chorioamnionitis | 1 (1.0%) | 194 (0.4%) | 0.333 | 2.35 (0.33–16.65) |
Transverse lie | 1 (1.0%) | 129 (0.3%) | 0.149 | 3.83 (0.54–27.13) |
Incompetent cervix | 0 (0.0%) | 49 (0.1%) | 0.753 | - |
Placental abruption | 0 (0.0%) | 39 (0.1%) | 0.779 | - |
Placenta previa | 3 (2.9%) | 501 (1.0%) | 0.083 | 2.96 (0.97–9.05) |
Acute pyelonephritis | 2 (1.9%) | 380 (0.7%) | 0.160 | 2.60 (0.66–10.29) |
Gestational DM | 19 (19.0%) | 4,317 (8.5%) | < 0.001 | 2.23 (1.49–3.34) |
Preeclampsia | 18 (17.5%) | 3,337 (6.6%) | < 0.001 | 2.66 (1.75–4.06) |
Cesarean delivery | 40 (38.8%) | 8,575 (16.9%) | < 0.001 | 2.30 (1.81–2.94) |
Preterm birth | 40 (39.6%) | 7,386 (14.5%) | < 0.001 | 2.73 (2.14–3.47) |
Low birth weight | 42 (41.2%) | 7,338 (14.5%) | < 0.001 | 2.85 (2.26–3.59) |
Fetal growth restriction | 18 (17.5%) | 3,804 (7.5%) | < 0.001 | 2.34 (1.53–3.66) |
Large-for-date fetuses | 16 (15.5%) | 5,027 (9.9%) | 0.055 | 1.57 (1.00-2.47) |
Low Apgar scores | 15 (14.6%) | 2,036 (4.0%) | < 0.001 | 3.64 (2.27–5.82) |
Perinatal death | 7 (6.8%) | 1,317 (2.6%) | 0.007 | 2.62 (1.28–5.37) |