Table 3 Comparisons of the obstetric outcomes between the study and control group after excluding pregnancies with underlying medical disorders
From: Pregnancy outcomes among women near the end of reproductive age
Study Group ( age ≥ 45 years) N: 88 | Control Group (age 20–34 years) N: 46,791 | P | RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gestational age at birth | 35.9 ± 4.5 | 37.9 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 | |
Birth weight | 2,528 ± 931 | 2,932 ± 635 | < 0.001 | |
Prolonged premature rupture of membranes | 4 (4.5%) | 1,422 (3.0%) | 0.411 | 1.50 (0.57–3.90) |
Breech presentation | 5 (5.7%) | 2,140 (4.6%) | 0.619 | 1.24 (0.53–2.91) |
Polyhydramnios | 0 (0.0%) | 238 (0.5%) | 0.502 | - |
Oligohydramnios | 0 (0.0%) | 434 (0.9%) | 0.364 | - |
Chorioamnionitis | 1 (1.1%) | 182 (0.4%) | 0.261 | 2.92 (0.41–20.62) |
Transverse lie | 1 (1.1%) | 116 (0.2%) | 0.095 | 4.58 (0.65–32.45) |
Incompetent cervix | 0 (0.0%) | 46 (0.1%) | 0.769 | - |
Placental abruption | 0 (0.0%) | 36 (0.1%) | 0.795 | - |
Placenta previa | 3 (3.4%) | 463 (1.0%) | 0.022 | 3.45 (1.13–10.51) |
Acute pyelonephritis | 2 (2.3%) | 331 (0.7%) | 0.081 | 3.21 (0.81–12.70) |
Gestational DM | 15 (17.4%) | 3,837 (8.2%) | 0.002 | 2.12 (1.34–3.36) |
Preeclampsia | 16 (18.2%) | 2,906 (6.2%) | < 0.001 | 2.93 (1.88–4.57) |
Cesarean delivery | 35 (39.8%) | 7,708 (16.5%) | < 0.001 | 2.41 (1.87–3.13) |
Preterm birth | 32 (36.8%) | 6,663 (14.3%) | < 0.001 | 2.58 (1.96–3.40) |
Low birth weight | 34 (38.6%) | 6,541 (14.0%) | < 0.001 | 2.76 (2.12–3.59) |
Fetal growth restriction | 15 (17.0%) | 3,370 (7.2%) | < 0.001 | 2.37 (1.49–3.76) |
Large-for-date fetuses | 14 (15.9%) | 4,652 (9.9%) | 0.062 | 1.60 (0.99–2.59) |
Low Apgar scores | 14 (15.9%) | 1,828 (3.9%) | < 0.001 | 4.07 (2.51–6.59) |
Perinatal death | 6 (6.8%) | 1,185 (2.5%) | 0.011 | 2.69 (1.24–5.84) |