Table 2 Characteristics of participating women and infants

Women

 Age, years

30∙9

±4∙7^a

30∙6

±4∙5^a

0∙597

 Nulliparous women, n (%)

140

(48∙6)

78

(47)

0∙739

 Gestational age at delivery, weeks

39

±1^a

39

±1∙1^a

0∙604

 Body mass index before pregnancy, kg/m²

21∙1

±2∙5^a

21∙1

±3^a

0∙512

 Body mass index at delivery, kg/m²

24∙8

±2∙6^a

24∙8

±2∙9^a

0∙481

 Woman’s height, cm

159

±5∙3^a

158

±4∙8^a

0∙534

 Total blood loss at delivery, mL

362

±262^a

348

±220^a

0∙770

 Smoking or passive smoking, n (%)

21

(7∙39)

11

(6∙63)

0∙760

 Cesarean delivery, n (%)

12

　(4∙17)

13

(7∙78)

0∙134

 Maternal death, n (%)

0

(0)

0

(0)

Infants

 Birth weight, g

3110

±331^a

3116

±371^a

0∙921

 Cord blood arterial acidity, pH

7∙30

±0∙08^a

7∙30

±0∙08^a

0∙541

 Female infant, n (%)

149

(52∙1)

85

(51∙2)

0∙855

 Foetal or neonatal death, n (%)

0

(0)

0

(0)